9.6. Comprehension Map¶
9.6.1. Example¶
>>> [float(x) for x in range(0,5)]
[0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0]
9.6.2. Apply Function¶
>>> [pow(2,x) for x in range(0,5)]
[1, 2, 4, 8, 16]
>>> [pow(2,x) for x in range(0,5)]
[1, 2, 4, 8, 16]
>>> [pow(x,x) for x in range(0,5)]
[1, 1, 4, 27, 256]
9.6.3. Convert Data¶
>>> DATA = [
... ('Sepal length', 'Sepal width', 'Petal length', 'Petal width', 'Species'),
... (5.8, 2.7, 5.1, 1.9, 'virginica'),
... (5.1, 3.5, 1.4, 0.2, 'setosa'),
... (5.7, 2.8, 4.1, 1.3, 'versicolor'),
... (6.3, 2.9, 5.6, 1.8, 'virginica'),
... (6.4, 3.2, 4.5, 1.5, 'versicolor'),
... (4.7, 3.2, 1.3, 0.2, 'setosa')]
>>>
>>>
>>> [tuple(features) for *features,label in DATA[1:]]
[(5.8, 2.7, 5.1, 1.9),
(5.1, 3.5, 1.4, 0.2),
(5.7, 2.8, 4.1, 1.3),
(6.3, 2.9, 5.6, 1.8),
(6.4, 3.2, 4.5, 1.5),
(4.7, 3.2, 1.3, 0.2)]
>>>
>>> [tuple(X) for *X,y in DATA[1:]]
[(5.8, 2.7, 5.1, 1.9),
(5.1, 3.5, 1.4, 0.2),
(5.7, 2.8, 4.1, 1.3),
(6.3, 2.9, 5.6, 1.8),
(6.4, 3.2, 4.5, 1.5),
(4.7, 3.2, 1.3, 0.2)]
9.6.4. Map to String¶
>>> DATA = [1, 2, 3]
>>> str(DATA)
'[1, 2, 3]'
>>> [str(x) for x in DATA]
['1', '2', '3']
>>> data = [str(x) for x in DATA]
>>> ','.join(data)
'1,2,3'
>>> ','.join(str(x) for x in DATA)
'1,2,3'
9.6.5. Generate CSV¶
>>> DATA = [1, 2, 3]
>>>
>>>
>>> ','.join(DATA)
Traceback (most recent call last):
TypeError: sequence item 0: expected str instance, int found
>>> DATA = [1, 2, 3]
>>>
>>>
>>> ','.join(str(x) for x in DATA)
'1,2,3'
9.6.6. Generate CSV Data¶
>>> DATA = [
... ('Sepal length', 'Sepal width', 'Petal length', 'Petal width', 'Species'),
... (5.8, 2.7, 5.1, 1.9, 'virginica'),
... (5.1, 3.5, 1.4, 0.2, 'setosa'),
... (5.7, 2.8, 4.1, 1.3, 'versicolor'),
... (6.3, 2.9, 5.6, 1.8, 'virginica'),
... (6.4, 3.2, 4.5, 1.5, 'versicolor'),
... (4.7, 3.2, 1.3, 0.2, 'setosa'),
... (7.0, 3.2, 4.7, 1.4, 'versicolor')]
>>>
>>>
>>> result = [','.join(str(x) for x in row) for row in DATA]
>>> result = '\n'.join(result)
>>>
>>> print(result)
Sepal length,Sepal width,Petal length,Petal width,Species
5.8,2.7,5.1,1.9,virginica
5.1,3.5,1.4,0.2,setosa
5.7,2.8,4.1,1.3,versicolor
6.3,2.9,5.6,1.8,virginica
6.4,3.2,4.5,1.5,versicolor
4.7,3.2,1.3,0.2,setosa
7.0,3.2,4.7,1.4,versicolor
9.6.7. Parse CSV¶
>>> DATA = '5.8,2.7,5.1,1.9\n5.1,3.5,1.4,0.2\n5.7,2.8,4.1,1.3'
>>>
>>> result = []
>>>
>>> for row in DATA.splitlines():
... row = row.split(',')
... result.append(row)
>>>
>>> print(result)
[['5.8', '2.7', '5.1', '1.9'],
['5.1', '3.5', '1.4', '0.2'],
['5.7', '2.8', '4.1', '1.3']]
>>> DATA = '5.8,2.7,5.1,1.9\n5.1,3.5,1.4,0.2\n5.7,2.8,4.1,1.3'
>>>
>>> [row.split(',') for row in DATA.splitlines()]
[['5.8', '2.7', '5.1', '1.9'],
['5.1', '3.5', '1.4', '0.2'],
['5.7', '2.8', '4.1', '1.3']]
>>> DATA = '5.8,2.7,5.1,1.9\n5.1,3.5,1.4,0.2\n5.7,2.8,4.1,1.3'
>>>
>>> [[float(x) for x in row.split(',')] for row in DATA.splitlines()]
[[5.8, 2.7, 5.1, 1.9],
[5.1, 3.5, 1.4, 0.2],
[5.7, 2.8, 4.1, 1.3]]
>>> DATA = '5.8,2.7,5.1,1.9,virginica\n5.1,3.5,1.4,0.2,setosa\n5.7,2.8,4.1,1.3,versicolor'
>>>
>>> def convert(x):
... try:
... return float(x)
... except ValueError:
... return x
>>>
>>> [[convert(x) for x in row.split(',')] for row in DATA.splitlines()]
[[5.8, 2.7, 5.1, 1.9, 'virginica'],
[5.1, 3.5, 1.4, 0.2, 'setosa'],
[5.7, 2.8, 4.1, 1.3, 'versicolor']]
9.6.8. Use Case - 0x01¶
Raise number to the n-th power
>>> [pow(x,2) for x in range(0,5)]
[0, 1, 4, 9, 16]
>>> [x**2 for x in range(0,5)]
[0, 1, 4, 9, 16]
>>> [pow(2,x) for x in range(0,5)]
[1, 2, 4, 8, 16]
>>> [2**x for x in range(0,5)]
[1, 2, 4, 8, 16]
9.6.9. Use Case - 0x02¶
Map list[dict]
>>> PEOPLE = [{'is_astronaut': True, 'name': 'Melissa Lewis'},
... {'is_astronaut': True, 'name': 'Mark Watney'},
... {'is_astronaut': False, 'name': 'Rick Martinez'},
... {'is_astronaut': True, 'name': 'Alex Vogel'}]
>>>
>>>
>>> astronauts = [{'firstname': person['name'].split()[0],
... 'lastname': person['name'].split()[1]}
... for person in PEOPLE
... if person['is_astronaut']]
>>>
>>> print(astronauts)
[{'firstname': 'Melissa', 'lastname': 'Lewis'},
{'firstname': 'Mark', 'lastname': 'Watney'},
{'firstname': 'Alex', 'lastname': 'Vogel'}]
9.6.10. Use Case - 0x03¶
>>> PEOPLE = [{'is_astronaut': True, 'name': 'Melissa Lewis'},
... {'is_astronaut': True, 'name': 'Mark Watney'},
... {'is_astronaut': False, 'name': 'Rick Martinez'},
... {'is_astronaut': True, 'name': 'Alex Vogel'}]
>>>
>>>
>>> astronauts = [{'firstname': person['name'].split()[0].capitalize(),
... 'lastname': person['name'].split()[1][0]+'.'}
... for person in PEOPLE
... if person['is_astronaut']]
>>>
>>> print(astronauts)
[{'firstname': 'Melissa', 'lastname': 'L.'},
{'firstname': 'Mark', 'lastname': 'W.'},
{'firstname': 'Alex', 'lastname': 'V.'}]
9.6.11. Use Case - 0x04¶
Assignment expression
More information in Assignment Expression
>>> PEOPLE = [{'is_astronaut': True, 'name': 'Melissa Lewis'},
... {'is_astronaut': True, 'name': 'Mark Watney'},
... {'is_astronaut': False, 'name': 'Rick Martinez'},
... {'is_astronaut': True, 'name': 'Alex Vogel'}]
>>>
>>>
>>> astronauts = [{'firstname': fname, 'lastname': lname}
... for person in PEOPLE
... if person['is_astronaut']
... and (name := person['name'].split())
... and (fname := name[0].capitalize())
... and (lname := f'{name[1][0]}.')]
>>>
>>> print(astronauts)
[{'firstname': 'Melissa', 'lastname': 'L.'},
{'firstname': 'Mark', 'lastname': 'W.'},
{'firstname': 'Alex', 'lastname': 'V.'}]
9.6.12. Use Case - 0x05¶
Assignment expression
More information in Assignment Expression
>>> PEOPLE = [{'is_astronaut': True, 'name': 'Melissa Lewis'},
... {'is_astronaut': True, 'name': 'Mark Watney'},
... {'is_astronaut': False, 'name': 'Rick Martinez'},
... {'is_astronaut': True, 'name': 'Alex Vogel'}]
>>>
>>>
>>> astronauts = [f'{fname} {lname[0]}.'
... for person in PEOPLE
... if person['is_astronaut']
... and (fullname := person['name'].split())
... and (fname := fullname[0].capitalize())
... and (lname := fullname[1].upper())]
>>>
>>> print(astronauts)
['Melissa L.', 'Mark W.', 'Alex V.']